Bezpieczeństwo Pracy i Ochrona Środowiska w Górnictwie Number 07/2024

Open pit mining of rock raw materials using explosives involves hazards that should be taken into account already at the design stage of blasting works. The article presents the issue of determining the detrimental effects of blasting works on the mines surroundings: the flyrock, effect of an air shock wave and detrimental paraseismic vibrations. The authors discussed methods of determining hazard zones, both from a legal perspective and based on measurements. The section on the dispersion of the flyrock presents the factors influencing this threat and the possibilities of their uncontrolled change. Differences in the concepts of „the flyrock” and „range of the flyrock zone” were also indicated.

The article deals with construction work against the head pit of the Kolejowy I shaft, caused by the technical condition of the building, which required quick intervention. It was necessary to completely replace the roof and partially or completely replace the load-bearing structure of the walls. In addition, due to the unused volume of the building, formerly used to cooperate with the already demolished processing plant, work was undertaken to lower the head pit building by demolishing sections of the walls. During the course of the work, the location proved problematic, which prevented heavy equipment from working on the investor's plot, and due to the location of one of the walls in the plot boundary and the lack of full permission to use the neighbouring property, access to the wall from outside the building was prohibited. This situation led to the need to perform a significant part of the task from inside the building, which is a very unusual practice.